Despite their differences, both China and the United States benefit from constructive connections and suffer from continued antagonism. The next few years will determine whether relations will develop into a new cold war or move toward a more equitable form of coexistence.

Secretary of State Marco Rubio recently stated that multipolarity is not only the preference, but the norm in the Trump administration—a dramatic shift in U.S. foreign policy. But unlike China’s globally engaged model, Rubio’s approach prioritizes U.S. interests, reflecting a more transactional and less globally engaged stance.

To slow China’s economic and tech development, the new American administration may employ a combination tariffs, export controls and restrictions on Chinese access to international markets. It is also likely to continue its crackdown on Chinese tech companies.

The country is far more resilient today than it was four years ago and in a good position to counter Donald Trump’s promised tariffs — or unexpected moves yet to come. It has diversified markets for Chinese goods, reduced the chances that countries in the region will form anti-China alliances and is welcoming foreign investment.

A second Trump presidency could disrupt Asia with aggressive tariffs, stricter immigration policies, and heightened geopolitical tensions. While some leaders express cautious optimism, the region faces mounting pressure to align with U.S. interests amid fears of economic fallout, strained alliances, and potential conflicts in key areas like the South China Sea and Taiwan Strait.

In an era of growing tensions between the United States and China, Roberta Lipson brings a valuable perspective shaped by decades of experience across the two cultures. As an American who has spent nearly half a century in Beijing building a network of 11 hospitals and 25 clinics, Lipson understands the complex interplay between business, healthcare, and international relations. In this conversation with KJ Kerr of China-US Focus on the sidelines of the U.S.-China Hong Kong Forum in November, she speaks about her remarkable journey and offers thoughtful analysis on the future of bilateral relations amid uncertain political times.

For Trump and his supporters, the time has come for a domestic conservative revolution to merge with a global movement, with the ultimate goal of totally transforming the political landscape of the West. But while the crises Trump sparks may be unpredictable, they are not necessarily uncontrollable.

Donald Trump is likely to seek a fresh start when he returns to the White House, creating an opportunity to build a healthy and sustainable China-U.S. relationship. The world is big enough for the two major powers to grow and prosper together and avoid veering into a vicious tech rivalry — or even a new cold war.

The incoming administration in the United States is expected to intensify export controls on China and strengthen measures to block overseas markets for Chinese technology products. However, Donald Trump’s new team, steered by his pragmatic approach, may ease the pressure in some sectors.

At the beginning of the new year, China-US Focus interviewed Professor Wang Jisi of Peking University’s School of International Studies and founding president of the university’s Institute of International and Strategic Studies, about the potential scenarios of China-U.S. relations over the next four years.