The declining birth rate in China has caused concerns as it dips below the death rate for the first time since 1960. While the government is moving to address the issue, such as changing the marriage eligibility age, the long-term solution is to achieve a stable population with a net reproduction rate of one, meaning an average of two children per family. In China, there is no current labor shortage due to surplus labor in rural areas and the potential for older workers to re-enter the labor force.